Gear & Settings

Chosen by situation, not by listicle.

The lens, the converter, the support and the settings — decided by the trip you are actually taking, the light you will actually get, and the money you actually have.

Every decision

One question at a time.

  • Camera Settings for a Tiger Safari

    The starting settings for photographing tigers in India — shutter, aperture, ISO, autofocus and metering for low dawn light, dust, and a moving vehicle. Plus how to tune them to your body.

  • The Best Lens for a First African Safari

    For most first safaris, one versatile telephoto in the 100-500 / 200-600 / 180-600 class covers it, and a 150-600 does it on a budget. How to choose by reach, weight and money.

  • 1.4× vs 2× Teleconverter for Wildlife

    A 1.4x costs one stop and a little sharpness; a 2x costs two stops, visible softness and slower autofocus. For most wildlife, buy the 1.4x first — plus when a 2x actually works.

  • Back-Button Focus & Animal-Eye AF, by Camera

    Back-button focus separates focus from the shutter so you focus once and hold. How to set it up, with animal and bird eye AF, on the Nikon Z8/Z9, Canon R5 II/R7, Sony A1/A9 III and OM-1.

  • Best Camera Settings for an African Safari

    The all-round settings for an African safari: shutter, aperture, ISO, metering and autofocus for dust, harsh midday, backlight and a bouncing vehicle. Plus how to tune them to your body.

  • Shutter Speed for Birds in Flight, by Species

    The right shutter speed for birds in flight depends on the wingbeat, not a single number. A table by bird type, plus what to do when the light runs out.

  • Exposure for Backlit and Rim-Lit Animals

    How to meter and expose when the sun is behind your subject: keep the face off the shadow wall, or commit to the rim and the silhouette. A scenario table plus recovery in the raw file.

  • Beanbag, Gimbal or Monopod?

    Which support to use for a long lens in a vehicle, a hide, or on foot — beanbag, gimbal, monopod or handheld. A situation table, and why the wrong support costs you sharp frames.

  • Best Focal Length for Safari: 400, 500, 600 or 800mm?

    How much reach an African safari really needs. What 400, 500, 600 and 800mm each give you, park by park, and why more is not always better.

  • Nikon Z 180-600mm vs 500mm PF

    Zoom versatility against prime lightness and reach. How the Nikon Z 180-600mm and 500mm PF f/5.6 differ for birds, safari and travel — and which suits your subjects.

  • Sony 200-600mm vs Canon 100-500mm

    Two of the most popular wildlife zooms, on different systems. How the Sony 200-600 and Canon RF 100-500 compare on reach, weight and price — and what it means if you're choosing a system.